Upon this rock

• Third, Jesus’ promises, 18-19

• #1: The validation

• John 1:42

• #2: The construction

• 1 Corinthians 3:9
• Ephesians 2:21

Three possibilities of who or what the “rock” is:

• a. The rock is Christ Himself

• Psalm 118:22
• Matthew 21:42
• Mark 12:10
• Luke 20:17
• Acts 4:11
• 1 Peter 2:6f
• 1 Corinthians3:11

• b. The rock is Peter

If Peter is the foundation on which papal supremacy and succession is built, then:

• 1) Rome would have to prove Peter to be the only one on whom the church was built

• 2) Rome would have to prove Peter to be God’s ruler on earth over all Christians

• 3) Rome would have to prove Peter transferring his authority to someone else in apostolic succession

• 4) Rome would have to prove Peter to be the first pope at Rome

• 5) Rome would have to prove Peter and the church at Rome to be supreme over all other churches

• Ephesians 2:20
• Revelation 21:14

• c. The Rock is Peter’s confession